A survey of nicteribiid batflies (Diptera: Nycteribiidae) was done in Paraná State, Brazil. Seven species of Basilia Miranda Ribeiro, 1903 were recorded. Basilia ortizi Machado-Allison, 1963 is a new record for Brazil.. Two species are new records for Paraná State, Basilia carteri Scott, 1936 and Basilia juquiensis Guimarães, 1946. The male of B. juquiensis Guimarães is characterized. Basilia lindolphoi sp. n. is described. Pictorial keys to species are presented, and female abdomens are illustrated.

Morphological characteristics of the immature of Sarconesia chlorogaster (Wiedemann, 1830) were obtained rearing it on an artificial diet in a temperature controlled chamber set at 27±1ºC, 70±10% RH and 12 hours photophase. The egg, three larval instars and puparium were described and illustrated together with the lairval cephalopharyngeal skeleton. Some characters were studied, for the first time using the scanning electron microscopy.

A survey of muscoid flies from Μaracá is. and Pacaraima, Roraima, Brazil, was made. 23 muscid, six fanniid and nine calliphorid species were colected. The known geographic distributíon of these, species was also added.

A revision of Psilochaeta Stein, 1911 and description of Dalcyella, gen. n. (type-species: Helina veniseta Dodge, 1967, from Concepcion, Chile) are provided. These genera are placed in Reinwardtiini, Azeliinae. A new combination for Helina violescens Dodge, 1967 is proposed - Psilochaeta violescens n. comb. Redescriptions of P. chalybea, P. chlorogaster and P. pampeana are presented. The identity of P. chalybea is stabilized. P. carnifex and P. fulvolateralis are unrecognizable. Keys, illustrations and maps of geographical distribution of species are also given.

The south american genera Brachygasterina Macquart, 1851 and Correntosia Malloch, 1934, formerly placed in Phaoniini, Phaoniinae, are revised. Through the redescriptions of B. violaceiventris, B. major and C. bicolor employing new morphological characters and reinterpretations of others, is proposed the transferrence of these genera to Reinwardtiini, Azeliinae. Euphaonia Malloch is synonymized with Brachygasterina.

Some considerations about the synonym of Bigotomyia Malloch, 1922 and Phaonia R.-D, 1830 are made. A new species, P. hugonis sp. n. is described from Peru and Equador.

A systematic revision of the species of Palpibracus Rondani, 1864 from South America is presented. This genus was formerly placed in Phaoniini but through the study of the chaetotaxy and the new characters or with reinterpretation of those already known, is here proposed its transferrence to Azeliinae, Reinwardtiini. Some remarks on this new systematic position are analysed. The following species are redescribed: P. apicalis, P. chilensis, P. confusus, P. fasciculatus, P. lancifer, P. nigriventris, P. pilosus, P. reynoldsi, P. separatus. P. similis, P. spicatus, P. trivittatus, P. univittatus and P. veneris. Palpibracus albuquerquei sp. n., from Angol, Chile, is described. A new combination for Phaonia peruviana Malloch, 1929 is proposed - Palpibracus peruvianus nov. comb. - and Darwinomyia angolensis Malloch, 1934 is considered as a new synonym. A key and maps of geographical distribution of the species are given.

A cladistic analysis for 27 muscid genera is given, running the PAUP program (SWOFFORD, 1985). The 35 characters used in this study are polarized based on three outgroups of related families. A cladogram showing hypothetical phylogenetic relationships among genera and a discussion of the characters enable to propose a sequencial phylogenetic classification of Muscidae at tribal level. The following seven subfamilies and eight tribes are included: Achanthipterinae; Atherigoninae; Muscinae, with Muscini and Stomoxiini; Azeliinae, with Azeliini and Reinwardtiini; Phaoniinae; Mydaeinae, with Graphomyiini and Mydaeini and Coenosiinae, with Coenosiini and Limnophorini. Helina Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 has not a defined position in the obtained cladogram to the considered levels. The neotropical species of Phaonia (aut.) must be separated in a new genus. The proposed classification is compared with contemporaneous classifications. The greatest congruence is found with that of SKIDMORE (1985).